Saturday, December 15, 2012

Battle of Palencia – 24th August 1813

Tactical Map at start of battle

3rd British division have orders to attack hill
Cavalry brigade have orders to rejoin division
4th British division have orders to attack Palencia
7th French division have orders to hold hill and garrison Palencia
15th Vistula division have orders to move south and occupy hill

Table at start of battle

Palencia is the town centre right
Road on right leads to Aranda
Road left leads to Valladolid
Road top leads to Burgos
Road south leads to Madrid

3rd British division (top left) have orders to attack hill
Their cavalry brigade will arrive top centre at the start of move 5
4th British division (centre left) have orders to attack Palencia
7th French division (top right) have orders to hold hill and garrison Palencia
15th Vistula have orders to move south and occupy hill bottom right

General Picton with 3rd British division (less detached cavalry brigade)


Top – General Alten with 4th British (light) division
Bottom – General Cole commander 2nd British corps

General Darmagnac with 7th French division, brigade on left is moving to garrison Palencia

 
 General Chasse with 15th Vistula division marching south through Palencia

Move 1 – 0800 to 0900
  Top left – 3rd British division advance behind an infantry screen
Centre left – British light division advance behind a mixed cavalry and infantry screen
Centre right – Vistula division have halted and deployed cavalry in front of Palencia
Top right – 7th French division have deployed cavalry to slow British advance


Move 2 – 0900 to 1000


Top left – 3rd British division continue to advance towards hill
Centre left – Light division deploy to attack Palencia
Centre right – Vistula division withdraw cavalry, garrison Palencia and deploy artillery
Top right – French complete deployment and withdraw dragoon brigade


Move 3 – 1000 to 1100
 
Top left – 3rd division have formed column of attack and unlimbered artillery
Centre left – Light division have unlimbered artillery and formed square to protect the guns
Centre right – Polish lancers have moved to hill on French left to threaten allied advance
Top right – French dragoons have withdrawn behind infantry support

Move 4 – 1100 to 1200

Top left – 3rd division have formed column of attack and advance towards hill
Centre left – light division have moved their hussar brigade to counter Polish lancers
Centre right – Lancers have formed line and moved to front of hill
Top right – French gunners have caused first British casualties on leading infantry brigade

  Move 5 – 1200 to 1300

Top left – Dragoon brigade has arrived and moved to the counter French dragoons
Centre left – Light division prepare to advance
Centre right – Polish gunners fail to inflict any casualties
Top right – Infantry brigade moves behind hill to support far right

Move 6 – 1300 to 1400

Top left – infantry approach hill
Centre left – leading rifle brigade receive casualties but continue to advance
Centre right – Polish gunners continue to fire on nearest enemy infantry
Top right – Dragoon brigade advance to disrupt British attack

 Move 7 – 1400 to 1500
 
Top left – Infantry have taken north end of hill
Centre left – Despite 20% casualties rifle brigade advance towards Palencia
Centre right – Polish gunners again fail to hit rifle brigade
Top right – Gunners halt supporting British brigade, which is shaken

Move 8 – 1500 to 1600


Top left – Infantry driven off hill, but gunners win counter battery fire
Centre left – Gunners rout infantry between hill and town
Centre right – One brigade in rout, garrison shaken having lost skirmish with British Rifles
Top right – One infantry brigade routed, another is shaken


Move 9 – 1600 to 1700

Conroux orders  8th French corps to break contact and retreat
Top left – British infantry win fight for the hill
Centre left – British lose fight for Palencia and retire shaken
Centre right – Vistula hold their ground in and around Palencia
Top right – Last French brigade covers retreat from hill

Table at the end of the battle

Summary

French have to retreat because their left flank have broken.
The French division have the cavalry and one infantry brigade to cover the retreat
The Vistula division have beaten off the light division and hold Palencia

7th French division have lost 400 infantry and 80 gunners.
Three of their four infantry brigade are in rout and their artillery shaken
15th Vistula division have lost 160 infantry
All of their brigades are in good order and they hold their original position

3rd British division have lost 480 infantry
Two of their three infantry brigades are in rout

4th Light division have lost 160 infantry
They have failed to take Palencia and need to regroup


Casualties on each side have been relatively light.   The allies lost 480 infantry, only 80 of them Spanish.   The French lost 480 infantry, 40 cavalry and abandoned half of their guns, almost all from the French division.   At nightfall two infantry and one cavalry brigades are in rout, plus the French gunners.

The result is another minor victory for the Allies

French Right Flank

Most of the fighting has taken part on this part of the battlefield

Two French, and one Polish, infantry brigades are in rout
Only one French brigade remains on the hill to cover the retreat
The French dragoon brigade is also available to cover the retreat

Two British infantry brigades are also in rout
However there are still two infantry brigades to take the hill
The British dragoons are positioned to counter the French cavalry

Casualties have been pretty equal on both sides.
But the British have taken the hill, which has forced the French to retreat

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